Socket Weld Flanges | SW Pipe Flanges

Socket Weld Flange | SW Pipe Flanges

Socket weld flanges provide an efficient means of connecting pipes, especially in spaces where conventional weld neck flanges may not fit. Offering a counterbore in the center, these flanges allow for a clean, effective weld to secure the pipe into the socket.

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Typically used for smaller nominal pipe sizes, socket weld flanges serve as an excellent alternative to both weld neck and slip-on types when circumstances require it. They are often chosen in assemblies with limited space, where the pressure class remains relatively low, and the fluid is not prone to corrosion or exceedingly high temperatures.

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These flanges connect to square-end piping using a fillet weld that is applied at the inner diameter of the hub. The design ensures that the pipe sits nearly flush against the counterbore of the flange. Importantly, the expansion gap between the pipe’s end and the counterbore allows the welder to make precise adjustments during the connection process. It’s crucial to note that a butt weld pipe connection is not appropriate in scenarios where a square end pipe connection is available.

Advantages of Socket Weld Pipe Fittings

• Socket weld joints simplify installation since the pipe fits into the recessed area of the fitting without needing bevelled edges, allowing for quick soldering.
• No temporary tack welding is required for alignment, as the socket weld fitting inherently assures proper alignment.
• The weld metal does not penetrate into the pipe's bore, which is advantageous for maintaining flow characteristics.
• These fittings can replace forged threaded pipe fittings, reducing the chance of leaks significantly.
• The cost of construction is generally lower than butt-welded joints due to fewer fitting requirements and the absence of special machining for butt weld preparation.

Disadvantages of Socket Weld Pipe Fittings

• It is essential for the welder to maintain an expansion gap of 1/16 inch (1.6 mm) between the pipe and the socket's shoulder, as specified in ASME B31.1 para. 127.3 regarding welding preparation.
• For optimal joint assembly, the pipe must be inserted deep into the socket and then retracted about 1/16" (1.6 mm) from the socket shoulder.
• Socket Weld Pipe Fittings typically exhibit about half the strength compared to butt weld fittings, making them primarily suitable for small pipes (NPS 2 or smaller).
• Generally, the costs associated with socket weld fittings are higher than for comparable butt weld fittings.
• The expansion gap and remaining internal crevices in socket weld systems can lead to corrosion, making them less advisable for corrosive or radioactive environments where sediment can accumulate at the joints and pose maintenance issues.
• In food industry applications, socket welding is unsuitable for Ultrahigh Hydrostatic Pressure (UHP) systems as it can result in incomplete penetration and overlaps that are challenging to clean, leading to potential leaks.
• The purpose of the clearance in a Socket Weld Joint is to alleviate residual stress at the weld root during cooling and allow for the thermal expansion of the components. Achieving this requires precision and skill.
• Radiographic inspection is not feasible on fillet welds; thus, ensuring the integrity of the fit and weld is vital. However, the fillet weld can be evaluated through surface examination or magnetic particle (MP) and liquid penetrant (PT) testing methods.