EXCELCORE 71T-1C - Flux Cored Wires (FCAW)
EXCELCORE 71T-1C - Flux Cored Wires (FCAW)
EXCELCORE 71T-1C
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AWS SPECIFICATION: AWS A5.20 E71T-1C
JIS Specification: JIS Z YFW 24
Other Specification: DIN SGRI C Y 42 32
Shield Gas: CO2
DESCRIPTION AND APPLICATION:
EXCELCORE 71T-1C is a flux-cored wire used for mild steel and high-strength steel (490 MPa). This wire adopts DC reverse polarity, resulting in deep penetration and good impact toughness. It exhibits excellent processing properties, producing less smoke, and maintaining a gentle and stable arc. The welding slag is thick and easily removable, and the wire provides good X-ray testing results. It is suitable for welding applications such as ships, storage tanks, containers, steelworks, boilers, and pipelines.
NOTES ON USAGE:
Use DC reverse polarity.
Due to deep penetration, the welding leg can be reduced, which decreases deposit volume to save costs.
Maintain the purity of CO2 above 99.9%, with a flow rate of 20-25 L/min.
The distance from the wire end to the contact tip for different diameters is as follows: Ø 1.2 mm: 15-25 mm; Ø 1.4 mm: 17-28 mm; Ø 1.6 mm: 20-30 mm.
To avoid blowholes, clean the base metal surface, ensuring it is free from oil, dirt, and rust before welding.
Use a draft-exclusion device if wind speed exceeds 2 m/sec.
Since it is softer than solid wire, do not overly tighten the feeding mechanism.
TYPICAL CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF WELD METAL AND DIFFUSABLE HYDROGEN:
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (%)
C
Mn
Si
P
S
Diffusable hydrogen content (ml/100g)
0.04
1.30
0.45
0.013
0.01
3.5
TYPICAL MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF WELD METAL:
Yield Strength N/mm2(kgf/mm2)
Tensile Strength N/mm2(kgf/mm2)
Elongation (%)
Reduction Area (%)
Impact Value J (kgf-m)
0°C
-20°C
480 (49)
550 (56)
29
69
100 (11)
64 (6.5)
AVAILABLE SIZES AND RECOMMENDED CURRENT RANGES:
DIAMETER (mm)
1.2
1.6
CURRENT
Amp
Flat
120-300
180-450
Vertical Up/Overhead
120-260
180-280
Vertical down
200-300
250-300
TEST RESULT
The information contained herein is presented only as typical without guarantee or warranty. Industrial Welding Corporation disclaims any liability incurred from reliance thereon. Typical data and test results for mechanical properties, deposit or electrode composition, and other properties were obtained from a weld produced and tested according to prescribed standards, and should not be assumed to represent actual expected results in a particular application. Actual results may vary based on multiple factors, such as weld procedure, plate chemistry, temperature, weldment design, and fabrication methods. Users are advised to confirm the suitability of any welding consumable and procedure through appropriate qualification testing before application.
Start with the basics: Understanding flux-cored wires
Flux-cored arc welding (FCAW) wires are not new; however, understanding them can be confusing without the right information. Familiarizing yourself with the basics—including appropriate applications, classifications, characteristics, advantages, and limitations of flux-cored wires—can drastically improve your results. With enhanced knowledge, you can confidently select and utilize flux-cored wires for your welding needs.
Flux-cored wires have existed since the 1950s and are available in two main types: gas-shielded and self-shielded. Both varieties consist of an outer sheath filled with flux, a mixture of alloys and deoxidizers critical for protecting the weld from contaminants.
As indicated by their name, gas-shielded flux-cored wires require an external shielding gas; conversely, self-shielded wires do not. The flux in self-shielded wires generates its own shielding gas, making them portable and suitable for outdoor welding applications, such as structural steel, shipbuilding, and bridge construction. Common applications for gas-shielded flux-cored wires include general fabrication, pressure vessels, petrochemical piping, and heavy-equipment manufacturing.
Start at the Beginning
Gas-shielded and self-shielded flux-cored wires are available for flat/horizontal or all-position welding on base materials, including mild and low-alloy steel, stainless steel, and special alloyed metals like chrome-moly. Additionally, flux-cored wires are utilized for hardsurfacing new parts and for rebuilding worn-out components. Keep in mind that hardsurfacing wires do not have an American Welding Society (AWS) classification, while all other gas and self-shielded flux-cored wires do.
For instance, a gas-shielded flux-cored wire designed for welding mild steel is classified as E70T-1C. Breakdown of this classification includes:
- E signifies electrode
- 7 indicates tensile strength (70,000 PSI)
- 0 signifies flat and horizontal positions (1 indicates all-position capabilities)
- T denotes a tubular (flux-cored) wire
- 1 indicates usability and performance, including operating parameters
- C denotes use with 100% CO2 shielding gas
Gas-shielded flux-cored wires require either pure CO2 or a mixture of argon/CO2 (indicated by M in the classification). Using CO2 offers good penetration but can create more spatter with a less stable arc; conversely, an argon/CO2 mix provides better arc quality and lower spatter but often yields less penetration. Self-shielded flux-cored wires do not require external shielding gas.
AWS
Classification
Shielding
Gas
Welding Position
Current &
Polarity
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Minimum Tensile
Strength (PSI)
E70T-1C
CO2
Flat/Horizontal
DCEP
70,000
E71T-1C/M
CO2 or Ar/CO2
All
DCEP
70,000
E70T-2C/M
CO2 or Ar/CO2
Flat/Horizontal
DCEP
70,000
E70T-3
None
Flat/Horizontal
DCEP
70,000
E70T-4
None
Flat/Horizontal
DCEP
70,000
E70T-5C/M
CO2 or Ar/CO2
Flat/Horizontal
DCEP
70,000
E70T-7
None
Flat/Horizontal
DCEN
70,000
E71T-8
None
All
DCEN
70,000
E71T-9C/M
CO2 or Ar/CO2
All
DCEP
70,000
E71T-11
None
All
DCEN
70,000
E71T-12C/M
CO2 or Ar/CO2
All
DCEP
70,000
Figure 1
When considering gas-shielded and self-shielded flux-cored wires, their slag systems are significant factors. These systems are classified as either rutile (T-1) or basic (T-5). A rutile slag system provides good weldability, including low spatter, good arc quality, and decent weld puddle control but generally has inferior mechanical properties compared to a basic slag system.
Both types of flux-cored wires come in various industry-standard diameters, including 0.035, 0.045, 0.052, 1/16, 5/64, and 3/32 inch, and require a wire stick-out (also known as electrical stick-out or electrode extension) ranging from 3/8 to 1 inch.
Keep these points in mind regarding wire diameter and stick-out: a larger diameter does not guarantee a bigger or better weld—greater deposition may not necessarily follow. Always adhere to the manufacturer's recommendations on achieving the desired deposition for specific flux-cored wires and applications. Often, smaller diameter wires yield superior results.
Additionally, smaller-diameter wires generally need less stick-out, but exact stick-out lengths depend on wire classification and amperage usage.
Flux-cored wires operate on constant-voltage (CV) DC power sources. Depending on wire composition, the power source setting must align with either straight polarity (direct current electrode negative, or DCEN) or reverse polarity (direct current electrode positive, or DCEP). The wire composition also dictates whether it's meant for single-pass or multiple-pass welding. Consulting with the filler metal manufacturer or distributor while reviewing packaging labels or specification sheets for precise operating parameters is always advantageous.
Consulting manufacturer resources also provides vital information on storage and handling recommendations. Generally, protect gas-shielded and self-shielded flux-cored wires from moisture, as exposure can severely impact welding performance and potentially void the manufacturer's warranty.
Consider the Advantages and Disadvantages
As with any welding wire or process, flux-cored wires (both gas-shielded and self-shielded) have specific advantages and disadvantages. The advantages include higher deposition rates than solid wires or stick electrodes, aesthetically pleasing weld beads, and capacity for welding thick materials.
Flux-cored wires usually yield excellent mechanical qualities, such as high-strength welds and strong impact values, and they can be alloyed to correspond with various base materials. These wires typically show increased tolerance for dirt and mill scale, allowing them to weld through these contaminants with less pre-cleaning than other welding types. However, pre-cleaning is still advised as best practice on any welding application. Furthermore, flux-cored wires are comparatively forgiving, meaning operators need not be as highly skilled or trained as those welding with other filler metals.
The principal disadvantage of flux-cored wires is the post-weld cleaning required. Both gas-shielded and self-shielded wires produce slag, necessitating removal via chipping or wire brushing between weld passes or after completion of the last pass. Additionally, these wires may be pricier than solid wires, measured per pound.
Bottom Line
Before selecting a gas-shielded or self-shielded flux-cored wire for your application, consider the basic information provided here. When in doubt, remember that welding distributors and filler metal manufacturers are reliable resources for making informed decisions regarding flux-cored wires or any other aspects of the welding process.
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