A Spotter's Guide to Traffic Signals | North Star Highways

Eaglelux KB63 'Tall Fin' and 'Short Fin'

The Eagle Signal company has a long history in the traffic signal industry, based in the Quad Cities. The oldest signals still operational in Minneapolis are the Eagleluxes, which were the original signals produced under the Eagle brand name. This particular brand has maintained a strong reputation in the area over the years. While many of these signals have been replaced due to recent traffic signal improvements, some remain, often featuring incandescent yellow lights. Their distinctive art-deco fins on both the top and bottom plates set them apart. Early sectional signals had open tops and bottoms for each segment, which were held together by tie rods.

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Produced from the 1970s to the mid-1980s, the early KB63 'Tall Fin' models feature a brass ID tag (typically obscured by paint) on the bottom plate, without a logo on the rear. As time went on, production changes shortened the fins significantly, added the Eagle logo to the back, and removed the ID plate. Signal enthusiasts refer to this modified version as the 'Short Fin.'

Eagle 'Rodded Flatback'

In the mid-1980s, Eagle phased out the Eaglelux name in favor of the 'Rodded Flatback.' This transitional model, produced for only a few years, marked the introduction of a simplified body style while retaining the classic top and bottom plates devoid of fins. It still used tie rods and featured older-style 'slam latch' reflectors. Though rare in the field today, this model is noteworthy for being the first to include dedicated 9' square pedestrian housings, which was a departure from earlier methods where pedestrian indications were integrated into the vehicle section.

Eagle KB170 / KB380 'Flatback'

By 1995, the KB170 / KB380 model was released. This model eliminated the tie rods and plates, utilizing a design where each section featured enclosed tops and bottoms held together by internal clamps with modern 'H'-shaped reflectors. The old small Eagle logo was replaced with a more prominent one, and the early flat design featured trapezoids that enthusiasts dubbed 'Trapezoid Flatbacks.' These trapezoids were removed after a short production run for unknown reasons.

Eagle AluSig and DuraSig

A significant redesign took place in the early 2000s, leading to the introduction of the AluSig and DuraSig models. The AluSig was constructed from traditional aluminum, while the DuraSig utilized polycarbonate—a material that was quickly embraced in Minneapolis and St. Paul, though adopted more slowly by other agencies. The early DuraSigs had some design flaws that made maintenance challenging, but these were addressed in later revisions. The durability of the polycarbonate proved beneficial against corrosive elements, although it had issues in warmer climates.

Both the 8' and 12' versions of DuraSigs have gained significant popularity, with 12' models still being installed. AluSigs had wider acceptance with Mn/DOT and the suburbs, yet the 8' AluSigs are quite rare, typically appearing in pedestrian signals.

Later Eagle Models

In 2007, Eagle was acquired by Mark IV Industries, which had also bought Automatic Signal. This merger led to a simplification of the product line, consolidating to a total of 24 signal products across different companies. Following this merger, the surviving products included:

1. Eagle Alusig, 9' pedestrian only as type SA, later discontinued
2. Eagle DuraSig, 9' and 12' pedestrian and 8' and 12' vehicle as type SA
3. Automatic polycarbonate, 8' and 12' vehicle as type SIG, 8'
4. Mark IV aluminum, 12' pedestrian and 8' and 12' vehicle as type SIG, 8' vehicle later discontinued.

The 'SIG' line evolved into the 'SG' models featuring LEDs, which are now the only option available for ordering. Following the merger, Mn/DOT and suburban areas exclusively utilized aluminum SIGs, which are known among enthusiasts as 'Bubblebacks.' Mn/DOT transitioned to polycarbonate products a few years ago, allowing for a revival of type SA in suburban locations.

Siemens eventually acquired Mark IV's signal products in 2013, subsequently discontinuing the Eagle brand. The headquarters returned to the Quad Cities area, although manufacturing may remain in Texas.

Econolite (and GE) Products

Econolite, a California-based company, has made a mark with its neon pedestrian signals, once common across California. The company entered the vehicle signal market in the early years when General Electric sold them their original molds after redesigning their signal products. Over the years, I have spotted Econolite signals dating back to the 80s in St. Paul and other suburbs.

The distinct features of GE and Econolite's 8' signals include vertical grooves along the back, with variances in length due to design modifications made in the late 80s. Enthusiasts use terms like 'Groove Back,' 'Long Groove,' and 'Short Groove' to describe these signals, which continued until the early 2000s when 'Buttonback' designs emerged. Unfortunately, these models are now rare sights.

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McCain Signals

In recent years, McCain's polycarbonate signals have appeared frequently. Though they feature a simpler aesthetic, they effectively serve their purpose and 8' models are often utilized as ramp meters, with the smaller size closely resembling them.

Programmable Visibility Signals

Unique to their category are 'programmable visibility' (PV) signals, designed for scenarios requiring limited visibility from specific angles. For instance, the Model 131 from 3M was the first of its kind, utilizing compact PAR lamps obscured by a frosted diffuser to limit visibility from certain directions. Instructions for installation relied on the technician assessing angles from a bucket truck and using tape to mask areas that required restricted visibility.

McCain later developed their version of the PV signal to compete with 3M. Their models were similar but distinguished by features on the back, which was essentially a repurposed 8' section. While the local industry seemed to favor McCain, 3M’s competition led to the discontinuation of their model in 2020, rendering McCain's PV signal the primary option available.

Moreover, Intelight has revolutionized the game with their 'electronically programmable' signals. These use multiple standard LEDs in a grid formation that can be easily controlled via software, adding flexibility in managing visibility. With significant heatsinks, they stand out distinctively from traditional signal designs.

This guide provides a comprehensive overview of the significant traffic signal products prevalent in Minnesota. While I've left out certain lesser-known companies due to their minimal footprint, the models covered here constitute a vast majority of the traffic signals found in service today.

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have revolutionized electronic signage over the years, becoming integral not just in advertising but also in street, traffic, and lane control signage. The durability and efficiency of LED traffic signs make them a vital upgrade, promoting safety for both drivers and pedestrians. Here are some compelling reasons to consider investing in LED traffic signs.

Improved Daytime/Direct Sunlight Readability and Safety

Traffic signs are essential for guiding drivers and ensuring safety. However, signs that are hard to read due to sunlight may create dangerous situations. Unlike incandescent bulbs, LEDs maintain visibility even in bright sunlight, enhancing the effectiveness of warning signals in construction areas and reducing potential traffic incidents.

Improved Nighttime Readability and Safety

LED traffic signs are highly visible during the night or in low-light conditions, where the risk of accidents increases significantly. According to the National Safety Council, nearly half of all traffic fatalities occur at night, thus making visible signage critical. LED signs not only illuminate the roads effectively but also play a crucial role, especially in winter when visibility can be severely impacted.

A Modern, More Professional Aesthetic for Added Safety

An LED traffic sign can modernize the look of any municipal area, reflecting a commitment to safety. For example, an illuminated stop sign by a school is a clear indicator that local authorities prioritize the safety of children and drivers alike. This visual commitment can ease parents' worries and enhance community trust.

Versatility

LED technology can be applied to a wide range of traffic signs, from the standard stop signs to negative conditions like icy surfaces. The versatility of LED traffic signs ensures greater public awareness, highlighting their value in various scenarios.

Energy Efficient, Long-Lasting, and Environmentally Friendly

Compared to traditional incandescent lighting, LEDs consume less energy while offering brighter output. Notably, LED traffic signs can utilize solar power, promoting energy efficiency. Furthermore, with their longer lifespan and recyclability, LEDs are a greener option for sustainable infrastructure development. Their environmental friendliness is underscored by the absence of harmful components found in older technologies.

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